Aadhaar Card Kya Hai?

Aajkal jab bhi kisi government scheme ya benefit ke liye apply karte ho, fir chahe woh bank account khulwana ho ya ration card banana ho, sab jagah Aadhaar Card ki maang karte hain. Aadhaar Card ab ek bahut hi important identification document ban chuka hai desh mein. Lekin kya aap janteho ki yeh Aadhaar card kya cheez hai, kaise banana hai iska, aur kyun itna zaroori ho gaya hai yeh?

Aadhaar ek unique 12-digit random number hai jo har Bharatiya nagarik ko diya jaata hai uski biometric details aur demographic details collect karke. Yeh Unique Identification Number diya jaata hai Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI) dwara, jo Bharat Sarkar ke adheen ek statutory authority hai.

Aadhaar enrollment ke time aapki fingerprints, iris scan, photograph aur basic details jaisi ki naam, pata, janam tareekh etc li jaati hain. Phir yeh saari details ek centralized database mein store ki jaati hain. Uske baad aapko ek lambe Aadhaar number ke saath ek card bhi diya jaata hai jismein aapki basic details aur photograph hoti hai.

Aadhaar card banwana poore desh ke liye free hai. Aap online ya offline dono tarikon se iska enrollment karwa sakte ho. Jaante ho kaise? Padho aage...

Kaise Banaye Aadhaar Card?

1) Online Process

UIDAI ki official website www.uidai.gov.in pe jaao aur "Aadhaar Enrollment" section pe click karo. Wahaan pe aapko apne nearest Aadhaar enrollment centre ka pata chalega aur appointment le paaoge. Appointment date pe wahaan jaana hoga aur required documents aur biometric details dene honge.

2) Offline Process 

Aadhaar enrollment kendra kahi bhi ho sakta hai - bank branch, post office, municipal office, school ya phir UIDAI ke permanent enrollment camps. Aise jagah pe hi jaao, required documents lekar, aur enrollment process start karwao. 

Required Documents for Aadhaar:

- Proof of Identity (POI) - Aadhaar chalega hi, nahi ho toh passport, PAN card, ration card, voter ID etc.

- Proof of Address (POA) - Ration card, utility bills, bank passbook, rental agreement etc chalega.

- Date of Birth Proof - Birth certificate, marksheet, PAN card etc.

Biometrics dene ke baad aap nakli Aadhaar card le jaoge. Original PVC Aadhaar card ghar pe aayega by post in around 60-90 days.

Aadhaar Ka Upyog

Aadhaar number aaj kal bahut kaamon ke liye jaruri ho gaya hai. Jaise:

1) Government Schemes/Benefits

Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana, Ayushman Bharat Yojana, PMJDY, PDS Distribution, Mid Day Meal jaisi schemes ke liye Aadhaar number dena padta hai. Jan Dhan accounts bhi link karne padte hain.

2) Income Tax Returns/PAN

Aadhaar number compulsory hai income tax returns file karne ke liye. Saath hi PAN card ko bhi Aadhaar se link karna padta hai.

3) Mobile/Bank/Insurance

Naye mobile number, bank accounts, insurance policies kholte waqt Aadhaar dena padta hai pan-India verification ke liye.

4) Address Proof

Private companies employment ke liye, rental agreements ke liye wagerah bhi Aadhaar chalte hain valid address proof ke taur pe.

5) Other IDs

Voter ID, Driving License jaisi aur IDs banwane ke liye bhi Aadhaar ki zarurat padti hai.

Kyu Bana Aadhaar?

Aadhaar card scheme ki shuruat 2009 mein UPA government ne ki thi. Lekin uske baad 2016 mein Modi government ne isko bahut bada scope diya. Aadhaar ka main target tha unique ID aur authentication provide karke funds/subsidies ki sahi delivery aur bogus beneficiaries ko rokna.

Social welfare schemes se zyada se zyada log laabhaanvit ho sake, yeh target tha. But saath hi, identification easier karne ke liye bhi Aadhaar zaroori bana diya gaya.  

Yeh socha gaya tha ki Aadhaar ek centralised database hone ki wajah se, bogus identities aur identity duplicacy nahi ho paayegi. Aur biometrics se ID verification aur bhi sacchi ho jaayegi.

Is tarah se sarkaar directly beneficiaries tak subsidies pahunchane mein kaamyaab ho paayegi aur scams aur middleman ravandebaazi ruk jaayegi.

Advantages of Aadhaar

1) Unique Identification System

Aadhaar se pehli baar desh mein ek unique, centralised aur portable identification system aaya hai.

2) Elimination of Bogus IDs

Biometrics ke wajah se na hi koi nayi bogus ID bana paayega, na hi kisi ek ID ka duplicate use ho paayega.

3) End to Ghost Beneficiaries 

Aadhaar card verification se sarkari schemes se woh log hi laabhaanvit ho paayenge jo haqeeqat mein eligible honge, nakaali aur ghost beneficiaries nahi.

4) Stopped Leakages & Middlemen

Direct Benefit Transfers ho sakte hain Aadhaar ke through, isiliye middlemen ki lafra kabhi nahi ho paayegi.

5) Cost Savings

Duplicate identities na hone se fund leakages aur bogus beneficiaries dono kam honge, aur overall costs mein savings aayegi.

Disadvantages of Aadhaar

1) Privacy Issues

Kaafi log sammaan ho rahe hai ki Aadhaar ek surveillance tool hai jo government ko hamesha khabar rakhne dega ki koi kahan hai through biometric tracking. Yeh privacy ka hanan hai.

2) Storage Risks

Database breach hone pe saare biometric data steal ho sakte hain. Yeh kabhi misuse ho sakta hai.

3) Technical Issues

Aadhaar servers pe high load hone se businesses band par rahe hain kabhi kabhi. Authentication errors bhi dekhne ko milte rehte hain.  

4) Exclusion Issues

Bahut saare eligible log technical reasons se Aadhaar se baahar ho rahe hain. Authentication na hone, biometrics na match karne se unko benefits se vanchit rehna padta hai.

Aadhaar Lekin Zaroori Kyun?

Sarkaar ke mutaabik, Aadhaar desh ki sabse badi financial aur digital infradegree hai. Isne na sirf sarkari schemes transparent banaayi hain, balki identification processes bhi streamline ho gaye hain. 

Aadhaar cards ki verification se government direct beneficiaries ke bank accounts aur mobile numbers tak pahunch sakti hai. Yeh subsidies ki delivery mein time bhi bachata hai aur higher inclusion bhi sunishtit karta hai.

Saath hi, Aadhaar ek unique portable ID ban chuki hai. Isko har jagah valid ID proof ke taur pe use kiya ja sakta hai - banking, telecom, tax returns, job applications wagairah.

Toh yeh hai Aadhaar ki poori kahaani - India ke sabse bade unique digital identity platform ki. Aaj lagbhag 125 crore aabadi apne Aadhaar numbers le chuki hai. Sayad hi ab koi bachega jisne Aadhaar na banwaya ho.

Iske bahut fayde hain, lekin kuchh risks bhi hain jo government ko pura dhyaan rakhkar door karne honge. Usse lack of privacy jaisi issues door kar di jaaye toh Aadhaar ek aur bhi shaktishtaali authentication service ban jaayega. Dekhte rahiye ki how Aadhaar shapes Digital India aage...